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| 1703 |
| | | Peter the Great founds the port and city of St Petersburg, giving Russia access to the Baltic | |
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| 1707 |
| | | The Act of Union merges England and Scotland as 'one kingdom by the name of Great Britain', a century after the union of the crowns | |
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| 1714 |
| | | In the aftermath of the War of the Spanish Succession, the Spanish Netherlands are transferred to Austria | |
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| 1714 |
| | | Strasbourg and Alsace are ceded to Louis XIV and become part of France | |
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| 1714 |
| | | The British government offers a massive £20,000 prize for a chronometer capable of keeping accurate time at sea | |
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| c. 1720 |
| | | Two political parties emerge in Sweden's parliament and become known as the Hats and the Caps | |
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| 1721 |
| | | In the treaty of Nystad Sweden cedes Estonia to Russia together with most of Latvia (the rest of which soon follows) | |
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| 1721 |
| | | Robert Walpole becomes Britain's chief minister and holds the post for an unrivalled span of twenty-one years | |
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| 1721 |
| | | With the transfer of Swedish territory on the Baltic coast, Russia becomes the dominant power in the region | |
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| 1723 |
| | | The Austrian emperor, Charles VI, agrees that Hungary shall be ruled as a separate kingdom within his empire | |
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